Frequent Flyers: Florida’s White Ibis Population

     When visiting southern Florida, one of the most common birds that you are likely to spot wandering near the shore or even through some lawns and parks is the white ibis (Eudocimus albus). These birds are about two feet in height with a wingspan of 37 inches, and, as the name suggests, the adult ibis is white in coloration with a red face and legs. Their bills are long and curved and are used for feeding. When immature, the white ibis differs in coloration; its feathers are a mix of white and brown splotches, and its face and legs have a pink shade. E. albus has a diet that consists of crustaceans, but on occasion, the ibis will also consume prey such as insects, snails, frogs, and small fish. E. albus are found in the wetlands and use marine and freshwater ecosystems in order to obtain food.

 

    The white ibis is known to be a social bird. They tend to forage, fly and nest in flocks, and during the breeding season, E. albus cluster together to form colonies. The white ibis forages by slowly probing shallow waters and muddy surfaces. Once they find their food source, they use their bills like tweezers or spears to collect their prey. When flying, the white ibis can reach 30 miles per hour, but once they arrive at their nesting areas, they free fall into the nests. When breeding, males spend much of their time preening and performing mating rituals in order to attract females.

     The white ibis population in Florida has been seen decreasing throughout the years, though the overall population in the United States has increased. One of the major threats this species is facing is similar to what many other species are also facing; habitat loss. With human development occurring in many regions throughout the world, including southern Florida, the degradation of the habitats can lead to a decrease in prey and nesting areas. Altering water levels could impact the survival and success of the species. In addition to this, climate change may also impact the white ibis population. With increased temperatures, juveniles in the nest could be faced with challenges for survival.